What is Happening To Television Advertising?
Did They Forget About the Basics
By: Tom Greenbaum; Founder, Encore Strategic Business Consulting
There is no question that the percentage of advertising dollars that are allocated to television has declined dramatically in recent years. In 2021, it is projected that television will account for less than 30% of total advertising spending for the first time in many years. In my opinion, this definitely is largely due to the focus on internet/digital advertising. However, I also feel very strongly that the effectiveness of television ads has declined steadily, both due to the reduction of spending, but even more importantly because it really appears that many, if not most, advertisers seem to have lost touch with what made tv advertising the giant media vehicle that it has become.
There are several factors that I have identified which I feel has contributed to the decline of television as an essential media vehicle in todays marketing environment. Is indicated below, this relates to both
media and copy considerations. Specifically:
• Why don’t advertisers understand the importance of quintile analyses. This is the calculation ( estimate) of the number of times viewers see a particular commercial I'm a week or month. Many years ago when I was at Procter & Gamble (Paper Products Division) we paid a lot of attention to the topic of “commercial wear out”, recognizing that viewers tire of seeing the same ads all the time, and eventually the advertising has the opposite effect that was intended. While there are many theories about how many times an individual see an ad before they become aware of it and are able to understand the message. We also recognize that at some point viewers get so tired of seeing the same execution that they actually get angry with the advertiser. Some obvious examples of this in the current environment are the Liberty Mutual campaign (Only pay for what you need), and the Spectrum Cable effort. These two just do not seem to understand that viewers tend to habitually view the same types of programs, such as sporting events or tv programs, and each time they frequently will see 3-5 identical commercials.
A quintile analysis will show the approximate number of times the top 20%, next 20% and so forth see a specific commercial spot in a four week period. This type of analysis is used to determine the number of different executions that are necessary for a particular spending level so commercial wear out/viewer annoyance does not occur. One advertiser who really seems to understand this principle is GEICO (15minutes, save 15%) as they produce a large number of different executions so people will not get turned off by the ads due to seeing them so often.
• A second major issue that reduces the effectiveness of most television advertising is focus on communication of a specific message. I rarely view a tv ad when I can understand what the copy point is they are trying to communicate. For example, I challenge anyone to tell me what the advertising message is for any automobile currently advertising on television. Specifically, what are they trying to communicate about the automobile that would set it aside from competition? All the advertising in this category sees to be totally focussed on the pricing and financing of the vehicles. However, it is impossible to understand what the differences are among the various vehicles that might motivate me to purchase one.
I may be old fashioned , but I was taught many years ago that “the words and pictures should work together” and for advertising to be really effective it should communicate a problem that has been solved by the product or service sponsoring the advertising. For some reason I can not understand, so much of the advertising today is structured to create a mood for about 25 seconds and then for the last five seconds the name of the product or service who sponsored the campaign is identified.
• A third factor that I believe contributes to poor television advertising communication is the infrequent use of a well thought-out slogan that is integral to the execution. Think back to advertising campaigns what emphasized slogans such as “please don’t squeeze the Charmin” or “Where’s the beef”. These were iconic campaigns for Chamin Bathroom Tissue and Wendy’s Fast Food restaurants that they became part of the lingo of regular communications. There are a few who have done this very well in the current market such as BMW ( the ultimate driving machine) , Dunkin Doughnuts (America Runs on Dunkin) and Nike (just do it!), but they are very much among the minority.
• Finally, I really wonder how much quality advertising research is being conducted today vs in the past. Years ago we used to to “day after recall” research to determine if an execution was successful in breaking through the clutter and therefore seen by the viewers. But even more importantly, we spend large amounts of money to determine whether the viewers who were identified as being in the commercial audience could recall they key copy points that the advertiser had intended. Further, we also used to do extensive quantitative research to determine both aided and unaided awareness of the advertising, and how this changes from year to year.
In the current environment, companies seem to be relying on the results of focus groups to drive most aspects of their marketing programs. As a person who conducted about 3500 focus groups and wrote four books on the subject, I know how rare it is to find a focus group moderator who is properly trained and can provide quality counseling as a result of the sessions they conduct. This simply does not exist today, and as a result many clients use focus groups to tell them what they want to hear, and the moderators do not have the skill or stature to properly guide them as we used to do in the past. The result….advertising that is simply ineffective.
In summary, I really believe we are in a bad place today relative to television advertising. I hope that agencies and advertisers would take stock of the principles of good advertising and consider them seriously when developing television advertising.